Originals

《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》：原创性思维的艺术

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“First, let's look at the idea of generating and recognizing good ideas.” 大量产出想法： Grant 在《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》中强调，真正的原创性通常来自大量 আইডিয়া的产生。他认为，“你投的越多，你得分的可能性就越大”。 他以历史上多产的作曲家和艺术家为例，如莫扎特创作了 600 多首作品，巴赫创作了 1000 多首，毕加索创作了数千件艺术品。虽然不是每一件都是杰作，但大量的产出让他们能够实验、改进，最终产生改变世界的作品。 应用：不要过早地自我审查。产生尽可能多的想法，无论它们看起来多么愚蠢或牵强。在这种情况下，数量孕育质量。尝试：设置一个 15 分钟的计时器，写下与您尝试解决的问题相关的每一个想法。不要评判它们，只需把它们写下来。您可能会对出现的结果感到惊讶。 《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们数量是重要的！

“Now, another key point here is that we're often terrible at judging our own ideas.” 寻求反馈： 我们往往会爱上自己的创作，很难看到它们的缺陷。Grant 建议寻求反馈，不是从任何人那里，而是从“同行创作者”那里，那些与你一起在战壕里，与类似的挑战作斗争的人那里获得反馈。 他分享了一个关于 Warby Parker 眼镜公司创始人的故事。他们最初放弃了后来成为其核心商业模式的想法。只有在从同行、了解市场和创业挑战的人那里获得反馈后，他们才意识到这种潜力。 应用：找到一个同伴群体，您信任的人，他们也在从事创意项目。与他们分享您的想法，并接受他们诚实的反馈，即使这有点刺痛。获得外部视角至关重要。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们寻求反馈是必要的！

“Let's move on to the art of speaking up.” 无力的沟通： Grant 介绍了一个叫做“无力沟通”的概念。这听起来有悖常理，但请听我说。他描述了中央情报局分析师 Carmen Medina 如何使用这种技术推动机构内部的重大变革。她没有强力主张自己的想法，而是首先承认潜在的负面影响和风险。她通过坦率地面对挑战来解除听众的戒备。 这种方法之所以有效，是因为它建立了信任。这表明您已经考虑了潜在的陷阱，这使您看起来更可信。这就像在说，“嘿，我知道这并不完美，但这就是为什么我认为尽管存在风险，但仍值得考虑的原因。” 应用：下次您提出新想法时，首先承认潜在的缺点。“我知道这似乎不太可能，并且存在一些潜在的挑战，例如 X、Y 和 Z。但这就是为什么我认为潜在的好处大于风险......”这种方法可能比简单地列出所有优点更具说服力。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们要学会如果沟通！

“Another thing Medina did, was use something called the Sarick Effect.” 利用Sarick效应: 这指的是从你的想法或产品的弱点入手。在线杂志和博客 Babble 的创始人 Rufus Griscom 使用这种方法来获得资金。他没有展示自己最好的一面，而是列出了不投资他公司的前五个理由。后来，在向迪士尼推销时，他使用了类似的策略。他展示了一张幻灯片，上面写着：“这就是你不应该购买 Babble 的原因”。这听起来可能很奇怪，但它奏效了，迪士尼最终以 4000 万美元收购了该公司。 《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们Sarick效应的神奇！

“Now, let's talk about timing.” 把握时机： Grant 强调，第一个并不总是最好的。事实上，他认为“定居者”——那些在先驱者之后到来的人——通常具有显著优势。他们可以从早期采用者的错误中学习，并改进想法。 可以这样想：第一家创建智能手机的公司不是苹果，但苹果从早期模型中学习，改进了技术和用户体验，并最终主导了市场。 应用：不要觉得有压力要成为第一个将想法推向市场的人。有时，最好等待、观察和学习。利用这段时间完善您的概念，建立更有力的案例，并确定发布的最佳时机。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们要把握时机！ 为了获得认可，重复想法也很重要。科学家称之为“单纯曝光效应”。我们越经常遇到某件事，我们就越喜欢它。在一项研究中，人们看到了两个土耳其语单词，iktitaf 和 sarick。大多数人选择了 sarick 而不是 iktitaf，因为他们之前在研究中已经遇到过它。

《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》：驾驭变革的浪潮

Today, we're diving into "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" by Adam Grant.

“Building coalitions is another critical aspect of championing original ideas.” 建立联盟： 你不能独自完成。Grant 强调寻找盟友的重要性，这些人分享你的愿景，并可以帮助你扩大你的信息。 但他建议关注“潜在的”盟友，而不仅仅是通常的怀疑对象。寻找那些最初可能看起来有抵抗力，但可以通过正确的方法动摇的人。他称这些人“亦敌亦友”——既是朋友又是对手的人。 他以妇女参政运动为例。该运动的关键人物 Susan B. Anthony 战略性地瞄准了最初反对的群体，如禁酒倡导者，认识到他们有一些共同点。 应用：确定可能从您的想法中受益的人，即使他们起初看起来不像天然的盟友。以一种与他们的价值观和兴趣产生共鸣的方式来表达您的信息。找到共同点，架起桥梁而不是筑墙。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们要学会建立联盟！

“Finally, let's address the emotional side of originality.” 管理情绪： 当你挑战现状时，感到恐惧、怀疑和焦虑是很自然的。Grant 强调管理这些情绪的重要性，而不是消除它们。 他介绍了“防御性悲观”的概念。这是一种策略，您可以预测潜在的障碍并为之做好计划。这不是消极，而是做好准备。这就像在说，“好吧，可能会出什么问题？我该如何主动应对这些挑战？” 应用：在提出新想法之前，列出所有潜在的反对意见或障碍。然后，集思广益，为每一个问题找出解决方案。这不仅会让您感到更自信，还会使您的演示文稿更强大。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们要学会管理情绪！

“Another thing to consider is the difference between conceptual and experimental innovators.” 概念型与实验型创新者： 概念型创新者是那些更有可能提出一个宏伟的想法并执行它的人，例如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦发展他的相对论，而实验型创新者是那些随着时间的推移，通过反复试验来提出想法的人，例如列奥纳多·达芬奇。这种差异很重要，因为这意味着您不一定需要急于将您的想法推向世界。 《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们创新有两种！

“The author suggests a few tools to help you manage your emotions and put your ideas into action.” 行动起来： 写下你对你的想法的所有恐惧和疑虑。然后，对于每一个，写下一个你可以采取的具体行动来减轻这种风险。这有助于将您的注意力从焦虑转移到行动。 您可能想知道如何处理害怕说出来的恐惧，尤其是在等级森严的环境中。Grant 建议在组织的不同级别寻找盟友。与有影响力的人建立关系，并寻求他们的建议和支持。请记住，即使是很小的勇气行为也会产生连锁反应。《Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World》这本书告诉我们行动起来很重要！

• Generating Ideas: Quantity breeds quality. Generate many ideas without self-censorship. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" emphasizes that prolific creators produce more, increasing the chances of groundbreaking work.
• Feedback: Seek feedback from fellow creators, not just anyone. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" highlights the Warby Parker example, where peer feedback was crucial.
• Speaking Up: Use "powerless communication." Acknowledge potential downsides to build trust and credibility. The Sarick Effect, leading with weaknesses, can be surprisingly effective, as seen in the Babble example in "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World".
• Timing: Being first isn't always best. "Settlers" can learn from pioneers' mistakes. Apple's success with smartphones exemplifies this in "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World".
• Mere Exposure Effect: Repeating ideas increase the chance of acceptance.
• Building Coalitions: Focus on *potential* allies, even "frenemies." Susan B. Anthony's strategy in "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" demonstrates finding common ground.
• Managing Emotions: Use "defensive pessimism" to anticipate obstacles and plan. Address fears with specific actions. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" stresses managing, not eliminating, emotions.
• Conceptual vs. Experimental Innovators: Understand your innovation style (grand idea vs. trial and error) to manage your approach, as discussed in "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World".

• Aspiring innovators and entrepreneurs: Individuals looking to develop and launch new ideas, products, or services. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" provides a framework for generating, refining, and championing original concepts.
• Leaders and managers: Those seeking to foster a culture of innovation and creativity within their teams or organizations. The book offers insights on how to encourage original thinking and effectively manage the process of implementing new ideas.
• Creatives and artists: Individuals in creative fields who want to enhance their creative output and learn how to better present and gain acceptance for their work. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" highlights the importance of generating a high volume of ideas and seeking feedback from peers.
• Anyone challenging the status quo: Individuals who want to make a difference by questioning existing norms and advocating for change. The book provides strategies for effective communication, coalition building, and managing the emotions associated with challenging established systems.
• Those seeking to improve their communication skills: "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" introduces the concept of "powerless communication," a counterintuitive but effective approach to persuasion that involves acknowledging potential downsides and building trust.
• Individuals interested in organizational psychology: Readers fascinated by the science behind creativity, innovation, and leadership. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" is written by a leading organizational psychologist and draws on extensive research.
• People looking to overcome fear and self-doubt: The book offers practical advice on managing the emotions associated with pursuing original ideas, including fear of failure and criticism. "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" addresses "defensive pessimism" as a strategy.

In essence, "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" is for anyone who wants to make a meaningful impact by bringing new ideas to life, regardless of their specific field or role. The principles in "Originals: How Non-Conformists Move the World" are widely applicable.

How does Adam Grant define 'Originals' in his book, Originals?

• Non-Conformity: Originals are people who don't just accept the default, but come up with novel ideas and champion them.
• Vuja De: Vuja de is the opposite of deja vu - looking at something familiar with a fresh perspective, enabling originality.
• Creative Collaboration: Originality often thrives in open, collaborative environments where diverse perspectives are encouraged.

What is the concept of 'Strategic Procrastination' explored in Adam Grant's Originals?

• Incubation Period: The বিলম্বিত-crastination sweet spot is where you've started thinking about a task, but haven't fully committed, allowing for incubation.
• Divergent Thinking: Procrastination can lead to more divergent thinking, as you're not locked into initial ideas.
• Subconscious Processing: By delaying, you give yourself time to subconsciously process and generate more creative solutions.

In Originals, how does Adam Grant explain the 'First-Mover Disadvantage'?

• Settler Advantage: First-movers often face higher risks and uncertainties, while settlers can learn from their mistakes.
• Market Share: Settlers can refine existing ideas and capture a larger market share.
• Market Analysis: Being a settler allows for more time to analyze the market and develop a superior product or strategy.

How does building 'Coalitions' help champion original ideas, according to Originals by Adam Grant?

• Collective Action: Coalitions are groups of people who band together to support an original idea or cause.
• Influence: Building a strong coalition involves finding allies who share your vision and can influence others.
• Overcoming Resistance: Coalitions provide the necessary support and resources to overcome resistance to change.

What role does 'Availability Heuristic' play in assessing original ideas, as discussed in Adam Grant's Originals?

• Familiarity Bias: This is the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of familiar events and underestimate the likelihood of unfamiliar ones.
• Underestimation: Original ideas, being unfamiliar, are often underestimated in their potential for success.
• Framing: To overcome this, originals need to present their ideas in a way that connects with existing beliefs and values.

According to Originals by Adam Grant, how can expressing 'Tempered Radicalism' help gain acceptance for original ideas?

• Authenticity: Vulnerability, when shared authentically, can build trust and connection with others.
• Relatability: Sharing your doubts and weaknesses can make you appear more relatable and human.
• Disarming Critics: This can disarm potential critics and make them more receptive to your ideas.

In Adam Grant's Originals, how do 'Unproductive Work Habits' hinder originality?

• Time Wasting: Unproductive work habits are actions that consume time and energy without contributing to meaningful progress.
• Task-Switching: These can include excessive meetings, email overload, and constant task-switching.
• Mental Space: Identifying and eliminating these habits can free up time and mental space for original thinking.

How can 'Righteous Anger' be a catalyst for originality, as described in Originals by Adam Grant?

• Moral Outrage: This is the feeling of frustration and anger that arises when we perceive an injustice or unfairness.
• Motivation: Channeling this anger constructively can fuel the motivation to challenge the status quo.
• Positive Change: Originals often use righteous anger to drive positive change and fight for their ideas.